5) The dedication of the Park's Visitor Center in the 1960s.

Jimmy, Irene -- brother/ Kiks.ádi/ Visitor Center -- dedication/ Jimmy. Irene -- mother/ politics/ Clan -- Kiks.ádi/ Visitor Center -- meaning of|

6) Her involvement with the Southeast Alaska Indian Cultural Center.

Cultural Center/ Park Service/ work -- retirement/ Littlefield, Esther/ Kiks.ádi/ history -- learning/ culture -- learning/ art -- lessons from/ Cultural Center Board/ volunteer|

16) Teaching and sharing weaving practices and techniques.

Jimmy, Irene -- daughters/ Chilkat Weaving/ Cultural Center/ Indigenous Weavers Workshop/ weaving -- teaching/ knowledge -- sharing/ conference -- benefits of|

19) The importance and beauty of Tlingit art, and the Park's role in making it more accessible to the public.

Cultural Center/ art -- importance of/ art -- ownership/ ancestors/ art -- pride in/ art -- display of/ artist demonstrations|

Establishing the Cultural Center and Its Relationship to the National Park Service (excerpts from Ellen Hope Hays interview) H98-39-01, Part 1 Click on a section below to hear audio.

6) Understanding and relearning the creation and meaning of symbolic art forms, and working together with the National Park Service to create a place to do this.

art forms/ emblems -- relationship to form/ organizations -- cooperation between/ ANB Arts and Crafts Committee/ National Park Service/ Alaska Native Brotherhood/ Sitka National Monument/ Olsen, Charlie/ employment -- park technician/ National Park Service -- purpose/ Cultural Center -- formation of|

15) Alaska Native Brotherhood and why they pursued the control of the presentation of their culture.

historian/ Geerdes, Ray -- historian/ Glacier Bay/ Jackson, Sheldon/ Presbyterian Church/ meeting -- Sheldon Jackson's mission/ opportunity -- work at Park/ father/ Sloan family/ Cultural Center/ Arts and Crafts wing|

16) Taking control of the cultural arts wing and welcoming visitors to the Park.

King Island/ Tlingit/ Arts and Crafts -- worked for/ Washington D.C./ Olson, Charlie/ Yup'ik/ Board of Directors -- Arts and Crafts/ proposal -- operate Cultural Center wing/ employment -- National Park Service|

19) Motivation for applying for higher positions.

work -- enjoyment of/ political/ Park -- minority hires/ National Park -- sincere about work/ elders -- called the Park "Center"/ Cultural Center -- community role|

28) The relationship between the National Park and the Cultural Center.

Hoonah/ story -- Sitka/ story -- sharing/ relationship -- people/ Cultural Center/ relationship -- Park and Cultural Center/ National Park|

29) The early days of the Cultural Center and A.P. Johnson's role as an artist, teacher and administrator there.

Cultural Center/ money -- lack of/ artists/ administration/ Johnson, A.P. -- Director/ Johnson, A.P. -- teacher/ culture -- Tlingit/ culture -- learning/ Kiks.ádi/ Sitka/ Arizona/ disease -- tuberculosis/ health/ missionary|

30) The life and talents of A.P. Johnson continued.

Johnson, A.P./ Sheldon Jackson school/ teacher/ preacher -- radio/ sermon -- Tlingit/ radio station -- missionary program/ Presbyterian/ Nazarene/ Alaska Native Brotherhood/ committees/ disease -- tuberculosis/ culture -- Tlingit/ art|

31) Esther (Kasakan) Littlefield's work as a teacher at the Cultural Center, and a photograph of her explaining a button blanket.

Littlefield, Esther/ Cultural Center -- instructor/ Williams, Emily/ beadwork -- learning/ Johnson, A.P./ Kiks.ádi/ art -- teaching/ context -- teaching/ culture -- teaching/ Brotherhood Blanket/ blanket -- button/ story -- Alaska Native Brotherhood/ moiety -- separation/ society -- successful/ rock -- foundation/ religion -- Christian/ wings -- spiritual/ religion -- power/ clan -- emblem|

32) Asking artists to create a design that tells the story of Tlingit contemporary history.

Littlefield, Esther/ Alaska Native Brotherhood -- symbols/ panel -- carved/ Davis, Robert/ Cultural Center -- benefits of/ story -- culture change/ design -- creation of/ Tlingit history -- contemporary/ weaving/ culture -- loss and gain/ Laws, Marie/ Rofkar, Teri/ emblem -- use of/ Tides People Robe|

33) The role of the Cultural Center in the community.

weaving/ Tides People Robe/ Cultural Center -- role/ events/ people -- coming together/ culture -- sharing/ Cultural Center -- opportunities/ art -- expression/ Joseph, Tommy/ wood -- carving|

The Cultural Center (excerpts from Ellen Hope Hays interview) H98-39-01, Part 2 Click on a section below to hear audio.

3) The success of the Cultural Center and its project committees.

Cultural Center -- purpose of/ committee -- enthusiastic/ committee -- democratic/ people -- participation/ committee -- chair/ committee -- success of|

4) Discussing a photograph of a Cultural Center event and the people and clothing in the picture.

Sitka Indian Dancers/ Cultural Center/ history -- contemporary/ history -- importance of recording/ copper shield -- donation/ National Park/ shield -- Teé Nah'/ shield -- value/ shield -- dedication/ Joseph, Charlie/ program -- creation of/ outfits/ regalia -- old|

5) Discussing a photograph of Louis Minard working on silver.

Minard, Louis/ artist -- silver/ Park -- visitors/ employment -- Civilian Conservation Corps/ gravel/ wages|

6) The Oral History Recording Project done in the early 1990s.

oral history/ Cultural Center -- projects/ culture -- preservation/ Pasco, Duane/ Cultural Center -- growth/ National Park/ art -- contemporary/ art -- money making/ project -- document major events/ Truitt, Gil/ change/ Cottages/ boarding school/ oral history -- contemporary/ participants -- recruitment|

8) The formation of the Cultural Center and why it was important to people.

Alaska Native Brotherhood -- Arts and Crafts Committee/ Arts and Crafts Wing/ art -- traditional/ art -- learning/ Littlefield, Esther/ art forms -- meaning/ Tlingit -- identity/ respect -- Nature/ art -- creature/ artist -- style/ art -- emblem/ art -- teaching/ Cultural Center -- purpose/ culture -- learning/ skills -- learning/ Cultural Center -- Board/ visitors/ Didrickson, Herb|

9) The value of the Cultural Center continued.

Cultural Center -- importance/ Alaska Native Brotherhood -- Annual Convention/ Alaska Native Brotherhood -- support/ Indian -- identity/ Park -- Native cooperation/ Park -- visitor/ Park -- historical/ Russian/ Park -- "big picture"|

10) The uniqueness of the Cultural Center.

Cultural Center/ Steinbright Jackson, Jan/ Jimmy, Irene/ Cultural Center -- unique/ culture -- preservation/ Institute of Alaska Native Art (IANA)/ Park -- unique relationship/ Cultural Center -- timing/ Geerdes, Ray/ Olson, Charlie/ Alaska Native Brotherhood/ Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act/ land -- reclaiming/ Cultural Center -- independent|

11) The Cultural Center gaining independence from the Alaska Native Brotherhood and contracting with the National Park Service.

Cultural Center/ alumni/ students/ Cultural Center -- non-profit (501-C3)/ Alaska Native Brotherhood/ Cultural Center -- independent/ board members -- contributions/ artist -- responsibilities/ Park -- contract|

12) Projects, goals, and accomplishments of the Cultural Center.

Cultural Center -- projects/ projects -- canoe carving/ funding/ Cultural Center -- Executive Director/ Indigenous Weavers Conference/ weaving -- learning/ money -- lack of/ teachers/ Joseph, Tommy/ teachers -- oldtimers/ graduates -- becoming teachers/ traditional form -- learning/ art -- creativity/ Cultural Center -- opportunities|

The Cultural Center (excerpts from Ellen Hope Hays interview) H98-39-02 Click on a section below to hear audio.

16) Changing relations between the Park Service and the Native people.

National Park Service/ Visitor Center/ National Park Service -- relationship with the community/ employment -- Park/ Sloan family/ Kiks.ádi/ Park -- use of/ relationship -- improvement/ Cultural Center/ employment -- Kiks.ádi/ historians/ Alaska Native Brotherhood Hall|

31) Reflections on her work at the Park, and the role of Natives in telling their own history.

Park -- relationship with community/ offense -- lack of/ employment -- Park/ Cultural Center/ Indian/ Natives -- involvement of/ project -- unique|

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